Hamamatsu ImagEM X2 C9100-23B High-Speed EM-CCD Camera

The Hamamatsu ImagEM X2 C9100-23B is a high-performance EM-CCD camera offering the following features and specifications:

• Sensor & Imaging
• Electron Multiplying Back-Thinned Frame Transfer CCD
• Effective pixels: 512 x 512
• Pixel size: 16 µm x 16 µm
• Effective area: 8.19 mm x 8.19 mm
• EM gain range: 4 to 1200 (typical)
• Photon Imaging mode for ultra-low light with improved resolution and linearity

• Speed & Frame Rates
• Pixel clock rates: 22 MHz, 11 MHz, 0.6875 MHz
• Full frame readout speed: 70.4 frames/s at 22 MHz
• Up to 1076 frames/s using analog binning and regions of interest (ROI)
• Enhanced corner readout technology for faster ROI imaging

• Noise & Sensitivity
• Extremely low dark current (0.0005 e⁻/pixel/s at -80°C water cooling)
• Readout noise (typical RMS):
• 36 electrons at EM gain 4, 22 MHz
• 1 electron max at EM gain 1200, 22 MHz
• High quantum efficiency (QE) and minimal dark noise with stable cooling
• Clock induced charge (CIC) minimized by optimized sensor drive

• Cooling System
• Hermetic vacuum-sealed air/water-cooled camera head
• Cooling temperature stability ±0.01°C
• Forced-air cooling: down to -65°C stabilized (max -80°C typical)
• Water cooling: down to -80°C stabilized (max -100°C typical)
• Cooling reduces dark current and noise

• Mechanical & Interface Features
• Integrated software-controlled mechanical shutter for EM gain protection
• Connectivity via IEEE 1394b interface
• Four SMA ports for external trigger input and output, including programmable triggers and delays
• C-mount lens interface
• 16-bit analog-to-digital conversion

• Real-time On-board Image Processing
• Background subtraction
• Shading correction
• Recursive filter (noise reduction)
• Frame averaging
• Spot noise reducer (cosmic ray noise elimination)

*(Note: Recursive filter, frame averaging, and spot noise reducer cannot be used simultaneously)*

• Operational & Environmental
• Exposure time:
• Internal sync mode from 13.9 ms to 2 h depending on clock
• External trigger mode from 10 µs to 2 h
• Operating temperature: 0°C to +40°C (performance guaranteed 0°C to 30°C)
• Storage temperature: -10°C to +50°C
• Max 70% humidity, no condensation
• Power: AC 100-240 V, 50/60 Hz, approx. 140 VA

• Additional Features
• EM gain protection with warning and protection modes to prolong sensor life
• EM gain recalibration via software (DCAM-API supported)
• Direct electron output signal display in electrons (not AD counts)
• Black/White clip function to set intensity thresholds
• Stable digitizer offset providing baseline stability over time

• Applications
• Protein-protein interaction studies
• Calcium wave monitoring in cells
• Real-time spinning disk confocal microscopy
• Single molecule TIRF microscopy
• In vivo fluorescence blood cell imaging
• Luminescence gene expression imaging

This camera is designed for ultra-low light level imaging with high speed and high precision, suitable for demanding biological and physical research requiring quantitative fluorescence and photon counting under minimal light conditions.